GENDER ASPECTS OF TRAINING SPECIALISTS IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The article highlights the relevance of the problem of gender in the training of specialists in engineering and technical education of Ukraine in terms of European integration. Particular emphasis is placed on the need to ensure gender equality in the choice of engineering professions, equal opportunities for men and women in employment. The results of an empirical research on the study of gender stereotypes in occupational choice among students of Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas are presented (110 respondents took part in the survey). It was found that a large number of young adults don’t consider gender characteristics to be the prerogative of choosing engineering professions (this was indicated by 54.1% of respondents). It was found that 18.3% of respondents are prone to stereotypes about the priority of men in the choice and success in computer or petroleum engineering. Gender stereotype in professional self-determination is considered as a cultural phenomenon that is formed under the influence of specific historical conditions and is a product of socio-cultural norms, rules or expectations. Cases of gender discrimination in the professional sphere were pointed out, which was admitted by 28.4% of respondents. The negative impact of gender discrimination on the economic development of the country is substantiated. The importance of stereotypical thinking about the status of men and women in support of gender inequality in the socio-economic system of society is determined. Emphasis is placed on the necessity to overcome gender stereotypes regarding the choice of STEM profession and to achieve success in engineering among men and women.